What are "print concepts" in early literacy?

In early literacy, "print concepts" refer to fundamental knowledge about how print functions. This includes understanding aspects such as directionality, which is knowing that text is read from left to right and top to bottom in English. It also encompasses spacing, which involves recognizing the importance of spaces between words and sentences, as well as understanding how punctuation marks work. These concepts are critical building blocks for young readers, as they provide a framework for decoding written language and help students comprehend how written text conveys meaning. Mastery of these concepts sets the stage for more advanced reading skills and comprehension strategies as learners progress in their literacy journey.